| Location | interior Western Africa, southwest of Algeria, north of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, west of Niger |
| Geographic coordinates | 17 00 N, 4 00 W |
| Map references | Africa |
| Area | total: 1,240,192 sq km land: 1,220,190 sq km water: 20,002 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than twice the size of Texas |
| Land boundaries | total: 7,908 km border countries (7): Algeria 1359 km, Burkina Faso 1325 km, Cote d'Ivoire 599 km, Guinea 1062 km, Mauritania 2236 km, Niger 838 km, Senegal 489 km |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) |
| Climate | subtropical to arid; hot and dry (February to June); rainy, humid, and mild (June to November); cool and dry (November to February) |
| Terrain | mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m lowest point: Senegal River 23 m mean elevation: 343 m |
| Natural resources | gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, gypsum, granite, hydropower, note, bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited |
| Land use | agricultural land: 34.1% (2018 est.) arable land: 5.6% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 28.4% (2018 est.) forest: 10.2% (2018 est.) other: 55.7% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 3,780 sq km (2012) |
| Total renewable water resources | 120 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Natural hazards | hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding |
| Geography - note | landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
