Nepal Geography Profile 2008

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Location

Southern Asia, between China and India

Geographic coordinates

28 00 N, 84 00 E

Map references

Asia

Area

total: 147,181 sq km
land: 143,181 sq km
water: 4,000 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Arkansas

Land boundaries

total: 2,926 km
border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Climate

varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south

Terrain

Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m

Natural resources

quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore

Land use

arable land: 16.07%
permanent crops: 0.85%
other: 83.08% (2005)

Irrigated land

11,700 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources

210.2 cu km (1999)

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 10.18 cu km/yr (3%/1%/96%)
per capita: 375 cu m/yr (2000)

Natural hazards

severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons

Environment - current issues

deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation

Geography - note

landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest - on the borders with China and India respectively


Source: CIA World Factbook
Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of May 16, 2008