Public debt: 78.6% of GDP (2017 est.)
83.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
note: this is general government gross debt, defined in the Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year; it covers the following categories of government liabilities (as defined in ESA95): currency and deposits (AF.2), securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives (AF.3, excluding AF.34), and loans (AF.4); the general government sector comprises the sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government and social security funds; as a percentage of GDP, the GDP used as a denominator is the gross domestic product in current year prices
Definition: This entry records the cumulative total of all government borrowings less repayments that are denominated in a country's home currency. Public debt should not be confused with external debt, which reflects the foreign currency liabilities of both the private and public sector and must be financed out of foreign exchange earnings.
Source: CIA World Factbook - This page was last updated on Saturday, September 18, 2021
See Also- Public debt by year chart
- Public debt rank chart
- Public debt - comparative map
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$) - thematic map - World Bank indicator
- External debt stocks, public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) (DOD, current US$) - country comparison - World Bank indicator
Related Data From the International Monetary Fund
Variable: General government gross debt
Note: Gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. This includes debt liabilities in the form of SDRs, currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, insurance, pensions and standardized guarantee schemes, and other accounts payable. Thus, all liabilities in the GFSM 2001 system are debt, except for equity and investment fund shares and financial derivatives and employee stock options. Debt can be valued at current market, nominal, or face values (GFSM 2001, paragraph 7.110).
Units: Percent of GDP
Country-specific Note: See notes for: General government gross debt (National currency).
Source: International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, April 2019
| Year | General government gross debt | Percent Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1988 | 57.365 | |
| 1989 | 56.332 | -1.80% |
| 1990 | 55.932 | -0.71% |
| 1991 | 56.134 | 0.36% |
| 1992 | 56.028 | -0.19% |
| 1993 | 60.629 | 8.21% |
| 1994 | 63.721 | 5.10% |
| 1995 | 67.865 | 6.50% |
| 1996 | 67.807 | -0.09% |
| 1997 | 63.056 | -7.01% |
| 1998 | 68.819 | 9.14% |
| 1999 | 61.103 | -11.21% |
| 2000 | 65.738 | 7.59% |
| 2001 | 66.355 | 0.94% |
| 2002 | 66.978 | 0.94% |
| 2003 | 64.896 | -3.11% |
| 2004 | 64.849 | -0.07% |
| 2005 | 68.318 | 5.35% |
| 2006 | 67.001 | -1.93% |
| 2007 | 64.74 | -3.37% |
| 2008 | 68.417 | 5.68% |
| 2009 | 79.58 | 16.32% |
| 2010 | 82.418 | 3.57% |
| 2011 | 82.178 | -0.29% |
| 2012 | 81.661 | -0.63% |
| 2013 | 81.011 | -0.80% |
| 2014 | 83.758 | 3.39% |
| 2015 | 84.404 | 0.77% |
| 2016 | 82.866 | -1.82% |
| 2017 | 78.489 | -5.28% |
| 2018 | 74.243 | -5.41% |
| 2019 | 71.168 | -4.14% |
