Brasil Perfil Gobierno 2019

nombre: Brasilia

coordenadas geográficas: 15 47 S, 47 55 W

diferencia de tiempo: UTC-3 (2 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

daylight saving time: +1hr, begins third Sunday in October; ends third Sunday in February

26 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal district* (distrito federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal*, Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins

7 Septiembre 1822 (from Portugal)

Día de la Independencia, 7 Septiembre (1822)

history: several previous; latest ratificada 5 Octubre 1988

amendments: proposed by at least one third of either house of the National Congress, by the president of the republic, or by simple majority vote by more than half of the state legislative assemblies; passage requires at least three-fifths majority vote by both houses in each of two readings; constitutional provisions affecting the federal form of government, separation of powers, suffrage, or individual rights and guarantees cannot be modificada; modificada many times, last in 2017 (2018)

voluntary between 16 to 18 años de edad, over 70, and if illiterate; compulsory between 18 to 70 años de edad; note - military conscripts by law cannot vote

jefe de estado: Presidente Jair BOLSONARO (desde 1 January 2019); Vice Presidente Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (desde 1 January 2019); note - the president is both jefe de estado and jefe de gobierno

jefe de gobierno: Presidente Jair BOLSONARO (desde 1 January 2019); Vice Presidente Antonio Hamilton Martins MOURAO (desde 1 January 2019)

cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president

elections/appointments: president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 7 October 2018 with runoff on 28 October 2018 (next to be held in October 2022)

election results: Jair BOLSONARO elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 46%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 29.3%, Ciro GOMEZ (PDT) 12.5%, Geraldo ALCKMIN (PSDB) 4.8%, other 7.4%; percent of vote in second round - Jair BOLSONARO (PSL) 55.1%, Fernando HADDAD (PT) 44.9%