Estonia vs. Latvia
Demographics
| Estonia | Latvia | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1,220,042 (July 2021 est.) | 1,862,687 (July 2021 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 16.22% (male 102,191/female 97,116) 15-24 years: 8.86% (male 56,484/female 52,378) 25-54 years: 40.34% (male 252,273/female 243,382) 55-64 years: 13.58% (male 76,251/female 90,576) 65 years and over: 21% (male 89,211/female 168,762) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 15.32% (male 148,120/female 140,028) 15-24 years: 9% (male 87,372/female 81,965) 25-54 years: 40.41% (male 380,817/female 379,359) 55-64 years: 14.77% (male 125,401/female 152,548) 65 years and over: 20.5% (male 128,151/female 257,471) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 43.7 years male: 40.4 years female: 47 years (2020 est.) | total: 44.4 years male: 40.5 years female: 48 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | -0.69% (2021 est.) | -1.1% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 9.03 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 8.96 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 13.06 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 14.63 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -2.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) | -5.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.84 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.53 male(s)/female total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.82 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.5 male(s)/female total population: 0.86 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 3.47 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.32 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) | total: 4.93 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.34 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 77.63 years male: 72.98 years female: 82.51 years (2021 est.) | total population: 75.65 years male: 71.19 years female: 80.33 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.61 children born/woman (2021 est.) | 1.54 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.8% (2020 est.) | 0.3% (2019 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Estonian(s) adjective: Estonian | noun: Latvian(s) adjective: Latvian |
| Ethnic groups | Estonian 68.7%, Russian 24.8%, Ukrainian 1.7%, Belarusian 1%, Finn 0.6%, other 1.6%, unspecified 1.6% (2011 est.) | Latvian 62.7%, Russian 24.5%, Belarusian 3.1%, Ukrainian 2.2%, Polish 2%, Lithuanian 1.1%, other 1.8%, unspecified 2.6% (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 7,100 (2020 est.) note: estimate does not include children | 5,600 (2019 est.) |
| Religions | Orthodox 16.2%, Lutheran 9.9%, other Christian (including Methodist, Seventh Day Adventist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal) 2.2%, other 0.9%, none 54.1%, unspecified 16.7% (2011 est.) | Lutheran 36.2%, Roman Catholic 19.5%, Orthodox 19.1%, other Christian 1.6%, other 0.1%, unspecified/none 23.5% (2017 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | <100 (2020 est.) note: estimate does not include children | <100 (2019 est.) |
| Languages | Estonian (official) 68.5%, Russian 29.6%, Ukrainian 0.6%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.) | Latvian (official) 56.3%, Russian 33.8%, other 0.6% (includes Polish, Ukrainian, and Belarusian), unspecified 9.4%; note - data represent language usually spoken at home (2011 est.) major-language sample(s): World Factbook, neaizstajams avots pamata informaciju. (Latvian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.8% male: 99.8% female: 99.8% (2015) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.9% male: 99.9% female: 99.9% (2015) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) vectorborne diseases: tickborne encephalitis |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 15 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2018) | total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 17 years (2018) |
| Education expenditures | 5% of GDP (2017) | 4.4% of GDP (2017) |
| Urbanization | urban population: 69.4% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: -0.03% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) | urban population: 68.4% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: -0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 98.8% of population rural: 98.2% of population total: 98.6% of population unimproved: urban: 1.2% of population rural: 1.8% of population total: 1.4% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 98.9% of population rural: 84.6% of population total: 94.3% of population unimproved: urban: 1.1% of population rural: 15.4% of population total: 5.7% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 449,000 TALLINN (capital) (2021) | 628,000 RIGA (capital) (2021) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 9 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 19 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Health expenditures | 6.7% (2018) | 6.2% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 4.48 physicians/1,000 population (2018) | 3.19 physicians/1,000 population (2017) |
| Hospital bed density | 4.7 beds/1,000 population (2017) | 5.6 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 21.2% (2016) | 23.6% (2016) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 28.2 years (2019 est.) | 27.3 years (2019 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 58.4 youth dependency ratio: 26.1 elderly dependency ratio: 32.3 potential support ratio: 3.1 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 59 youth dependency ratio: 26.1 elderly dependency ratio: 32.9 potential support ratio: 3 (2020 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
