subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 36.78 (2019 est.)
total subscriptions: 11,532,903
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 14.13 (2019 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 529,497,242
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 117.70 (2019 est.)
total subscriptions: 80,790,877
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 98.97 (2019 est.)
Internet country code
.eu; note - see country entries of member states for individual country codes
.tr
Internet users
total: 398.1 million (2018 est.)
percent of population: 85%
total: 57,725,143
percent of population: 71.04% (July 2018 est.)
Telecommunication systems
note - see individual country entries of member states
general assessment:
following earthquake damage to infrastructure in 2020, telecom sector undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially in mobile-cellular services; mobile broadband becoming increasingly popular; near saturation of 4G LTE coverage for the population; strides made with 5G through investment by Huawei and Ericcson; fixed and mobile infrastructure will help to underpin Smart City initiatives; tight government control on social media platforms; importer of broadcasting equipment and computers from China (2021)
(2020)
domestic: additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay, is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; fixed-line 14 per 100 and mobile-cellular teledensity is 97 telephones per 100 persons (2019)
international: country code - 90; landing points for the SeaMeWe-3 & -5, MedNautilus Submarine System, Turcyos-1 & -2 submarine cables providing connectivity to Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia ; satellite earth stations - 12 Intelsat; mobile satellite terminals - 328 in the Inmarsat and Eutelsat systems (2020)
note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments
Broadband - fixed subscriptions
total: 158,303,562
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 35.19 (2019 est.)
total: 14,231,978
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 17.44 (2019 est.)
