Iran vs. Afghanistan
Demographics
| Iran | Afghanistan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 85,888,910 (July 2021 est.) | 37,466,414 (July 2021 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 24.11% (male 10,472,844/female 10,000,028) 15-24 years: 13.36% (male 5,806,034/female 5,537,561) 25-54 years: 48.94% (male 21,235,038/female 20,327,384) 55-64 years: 7.72% (male 3,220,074/female 3,337,420) 65 years and over: 5.87% (male 2,316,677/female 2,670,254) (2020 est.) | 0-14 years: 40.62% (male 7,562,703/female 7,321,646) 15-24 years: 21.26% (male 3,960,044/female 3,828,670) 25-54 years: 31.44% (male 5,858,675/female 5,661,887) 55-64 years: 4.01% (male 724,597/female 744,910) 65 years and over: 2.68% (male 451,852/female 528,831) (2020 est.) |
| Median age | total: 31.7 years male: 31.5 years female: 32 years (2020 est.) | total: 19.5 years male: 19.4 years female: 19.5 years (2020 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.03% (2021 est.) | 2.34% (2021 est.) |
| Birth rate | 15.78 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 36.08 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Death rate | 5.14 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) | 12.57 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -0.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) | -0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2020 est.) | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2020 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 15.1 deaths/1,000 live births male: 16.24 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) | total: 106.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 115.21 deaths/1,000 live births female: 97.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 75.06 years male: 73.71 years female: 76.48 years (2021 est.) | total population: 53.25 years male: 51.73 years female: 54.85 years (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.93 children born/woman (2021 est.) | 4.72 children born/woman (2021 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | <.1% (2020 est.) | <.1% (2020 est.) |
| Nationality | noun: Iranian(s) adjective: Iranian | noun: Afghan(s) adjective: Afghan |
| Ethnic groups | Persian, Azeri, Kurd, Lur, Baloch, Arab, Turkmen and Turkic tribes | Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, other (includes smaller numbers of Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, Pashai, and Kyrghyz) (2015) note: current statistical data on the sensitive subject of ethnicity in Afghanistan are not available, and ethnicity data from small samples of respondents to opinion polls are not a reliable alternative; Afghanistan's 2004 constitution recognizes 14 ethnic groups: Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Baloch, Turkmen, Nuristani, Pamiri, Arab, Gujar, Brahui, Qizilbash, Aimaq, and Pashai |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 54,000 (2020 est.) | 12,000 (2020 est.) |
| Religions | Muslim (official) 99.4% (Shia 90-95%, Sunni 5-10%), other (includes Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian) 0.3%, unspecified 0.4% (2011 est.) | Muslim 99.7% (Sunni 84.7 - 89.7%, Shia 10 - 15%), other 0.3% (2009 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 3,200 (2020 est.) | <1,000 (2020 est.) |
| Languages | Persian Farsi (official), Azeri and other Turkic dialects, Kurdish, Gilaki and Mazandarani, Luri, Balochi, Arabic major-language sample(s): ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? (Persian) The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. | Afghan Persian or Dari (official) 78% (Dari functions as the lingua franca), Pashto (official) 50%, Uzbek 10%, English 5%, Turkmen 2%, Urdu 2%, Pashayi 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabic 1%, Balochi 1%, other <1% (2017 est.) major-language sample(s): ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? (Dari) ? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????- (Pashto)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. note 1: data represent most widely spoken languages; shares sum to more than 100% because there is much bilingualism in the country and because respondents were allowed to select more than one language note 2: the Turkic languages Uzbek and Turkmen, as well as Balochi, Pashayi, Nuristani, and Pamiri are the third official languages in areas where the majority speaks them |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 85.5% male: 90.4% female: 80.8% (2016) | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 43% male: 55.5% female: 29.8% (2018) |
| Major infectious diseases | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea vectorborne diseases: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever note: a new coronavirus is causing sustained community spread of respiratory illness (COVID-19) in Iran; sustained community spread means that people have been infected with the virus, but how or where they became infected is not known, and the spread is ongoing; illness with this virus has ranged from mild to severe with fatalities reported; as of 20 July 2021, Iran has reported a total of 3,548,704 cases of COVID-19 or 4,225 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with 104.03 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 19 July 2021, 6.98% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine | degree of risk: intermediate (2020) food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever, malaria |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 15 years male: 15 years female: 15 years (2017) | total: 10 years male: 13 years female: 8 years (2018) |
| Education expenditures | 4% of GDP (2018) | 4.1% of GDP (2017) |
| Urbanization | urban population: 76.3% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 1.32% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) | urban population: 26.3% of total population (2021) rate of urbanization: 3.34% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 98.6% of population rural: 93.1% of population total: 97.2% of population unimproved: urban: 1.4% of population rural: 6.9% of population total: 2.8% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 95.9% of population rural: 61.4% of population total: 70.2% of population unimproved: urban: 3.2% of population rural: 38.6% of population total: 38.6% of population (2017 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 98.9% of population rural: 95.7% of population total: 98.1% of population unimproved: urban: 1.1% of population (2015 est.) rural: 4.3% of population total: 1.9% of population (2017 est.) | improved: urban: 83.6% of population rural: 43% of population total: 53.2% of population unimproved: urban: 16.4% of population rural: 57% of population total: 46.8% of population (2017 est.) |
| Major cities - population | 9.259 million TEHRAN (capital), 3.264 million Mashhad, 2.177 million Esfahan, 1.675 million Shiraz, 1.627 million Tabriz, 1.582 million Karaj (2021) | 4.336 million KABUL (capital) (2021) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 16 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) | 638 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) |
| Children under the age of 5 years underweight | 4.1% (2010/11) | 19.1% (2018) |
| Health expenditures | 8.7% (2018) | 9.4% (2018) |
| Physicians density | 1.58 physicians/1,000 population (2018) | 0.28 physicians/1,000 population (2016) |
| Hospital bed density | 1.6 beds/1,000 population (2017) | 0.4 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 25.8% (2016) | 5.5% (2016) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 77.4% (2010/11) | 18.9% (2018) note: percent of women aged 12-49 |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 45.6 youth dependency ratio: 36 elderly dependency ratio: 9.6 potential support ratio: 14.2 (2020 est.) | total dependency ratio: 88.8 youth dependency ratio: 75.3 elderly dependency ratio: 4.8 potential support ratio: 21 (2020 est.) |
Source: CIA Factbook
