Saudi Arabia vs. Qatar
Geography
| Saudi Arabia | Qatar | |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Middle East, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen | Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia |
| Geographic coordinates | 25 00 N, 45 00 E | 25 30 N, 51 15 E |
| Map references | Middle East | Middle East |
| Area | total: 2,149,690 sq km land: 2,149,690 sq km water: 0 sq km | total: 11,586 sq km land: 11,586 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than one-fifth the size of the US | almost twice the size of Delaware; slightly smaller than Connecticut |
| Land boundaries | total: 4,272 km border countries (7): Iraq 811 km, Jordan 731 km, Kuwait 221 km, Oman 658 km, Qatar 87 km, UAE 457 km, Yemen 1307 km | total: 87 km border countries (1): Saudi Arabia 87 km |
| Coastline | 2,640 km | 563 km |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 18 nm continental shelf: not specified | territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line |
| Climate | harsh, dry desert with great temperature extremes | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers |
| Terrain | mostly sandy desert | mostly flat and barren desert |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: As Sarawat range, 3,000 m lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m mean elevation: 665 m | highest point: Tuwayyir al Hamir 103 m lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m mean elevation: 28 m |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold, copper | petroleum, fish, natural gas |
| Land use | agricultural land: 80.7% (2018 est.) arable land: 1.5% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.1% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 79.1% (2018 est.) forest: 0.5% (2018 est.) other: 18.8% (2018 est.) | agricultural land: 5.6% (2018 est.) arable land: 1.1% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0.2% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 4.3% (2018 est.) forest: 0% (2018 est.) other: 94.4% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 16,200 sq km (2012) | 130 sq km (2012) |
| Natural hazards | frequent sand and dust storms volcanism: despite many volcanic formations, there has been little activity in the past few centuries; volcanoes include Harrat Rahat, Harrat Khaybar, Harrat Lunayyir, and Jabal Yar | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common |
| Environment - current issues | desertification; depletion of underground water resources; the lack of perennial rivers or permanent water bodies has prompted the development of extensive seawater desalination facilities; coastal pollution from oil spills; air pollution; waste management | air, land, and water pollution are significant environmental issues; limited natural freshwater resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities; other issues include conservation of oil supplies and preservation of the natural wildlife heritage |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Geography - note | Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the world without a river; extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea allow for considerable shipping (especially of crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal | the peninsula occupies a strategic location in the central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits |
| Total renewable water resources | 2.4 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) | 58 million cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Population distribution | historically a population that was mostly nomadic or semi-nomadic, the Saudi population has become more settled since petroleum was discovered in the 1930s; most of the economic activities - and with it the country's population - is concentrated in a wide area across the middle of the peninsula, from Ad Dammam in the east, through Riyadh in the interior, to Mecca-Medina in the west near the Red Sea | most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula |
Source: CIA Factbook
