Coal rents (% of GDP) - Country Ranking - Africa

Definition: Coal rents are the difference between the value of both hard and soft coal production at world prices and their total costs of production.

Source: Estimates based on sources and methods described in "The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium" (World Bank, 2011).

See also: Thematic map, Time series comparison

Find indicator:
Rank Country Value Year
1 Mozambique 3.41 2019
2 South Africa 1.86 2019
3 Zimbabwe 0.36 2019
4 Botswana 0.33 2019
5 Eswatini 0.11 2019
6 Zambia 0.04 2019
7 Niger 0.02 2019
8 Malawi 0.02 2019
9 Tanzania 0.01 2019
10 Nigeria 0.00 2019
11 Rwanda 0.00 2019
11 Sudan 0.00 2019
11 Senegal 0.00 2019
11 Sierra Leone 0.00 2019
11 Somalia 0.00 1990
11 São Tomé and Principe 0.00 2019
11 Namibia 0.00 2019
11 Mauritania 0.00 2019
11 Mauritius 0.00 2019
11 Angola 0.00 2019
11 Burundi 0.00 2019
11 Benin 0.00 2019
11 Burkina Faso 0.00 2019
11 Central African Republic 0.00 2019
11 Côte d'Ivoire 0.00 2019
11 Cameroon 0.00 2019
11 Dem. Rep. Congo 0.00 2019
11 Congo 0.00 2019
11 Comoros 0.00 2019
11 Cabo Verde 0.00 2019
11 Djibouti 0.00 2019
11 Algeria 0.00 2019
11 Egypt 0.00 2019
11 Eritrea 0.00 2011
11 Ethiopia 0.00 2019
11 Gabon 0.00 2019
11 Ghana 0.00 2019
11 Guinea 0.00 2019
11 The Gambia 0.00 2019
11 Guinea-Bissau 0.00 2019
11 Equatorial Guinea 0.00 2019
11 Kenya 0.00 2019
11 Liberia 0.00 2019
11 Libya 0.00 2019
11 Lesotho 0.00 2019
11 Morocco 0.00 2019
11 Madagascar 0.00 2019
11 Mali 0.00 2019
11 Uganda 0.00 2019
11 Seychelles 0.00 2019
11 Chad 0.00 2019
11 Togo 0.00 2019
11 Tunisia 0.00 2019

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Development Relevance: Accounting for the contribution of natural resources to economic output is important in building an analytical framework for sustainable development. In some countries earnings from natural resources, especially from fossil fuels and minerals, account for a sizable share of GDP, and much of these earnings come in the form of economic rents - revenues above the cost of extracting the resources. Natural resources give rise to economic rents because they are not produced. For produced goods and services competitive forces expand supply until economic profits are driven to zero, but natural resources in fixed supply often command returns well in excess of their cost of production. Rents from nonrenewable resources - fossil fuels and minerals - as well as rents from overharvesting of forests indicate the liquidation of a country's capital stock. When countries use such rents to support current consumption rather than to invest in new capital to replace what is being used up, they are, in effect, borrowing against their future.

Limitations and Exceptions: This definition of economic rent differs from that used in the System of National Accounts, where rents are a form of property income, consisting of payments to landowners by a tenant for the use of the land or payments to the owners of subsoil assets by institutional units permitting them to extract subsoil deposits.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The estimates of natural resources rents are calculated as the difference between the price of a commodity and the average cost of producing it. This is done by estimating the world price of units of specific commodities and subtracting estimates of average unit costs of extraction or harvesting costs (including a normal return on capital). These unit rents are then multiplied by the physical quantities countries extract or harvest to determine the rents for each commodity as a share of gross domestic product (GDP).

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual