Lower middle income - Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)

Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) in Lower middle income was 14.81 as of 2020. Its highest value over the past 37 years was 19.59 in 1992, while its lowest value was 14.81 in 2020.

Definition: Manufacturing refers to industries belonging to ISIC divisions 15-37. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Note: For VAB countries, gross value added at factor cost is used as the denominator.

Source: World Bank national accounts data, and OECD National Accounts data files.

See also:

Year Value
1983 17.74
1984 17.30
1985 17.67
1986 17.53
1987 18.23
1988 18.58
1989 18.40
1990 19.21
1991 19.25
1992 19.59
1993 18.38
1994 19.27
1995 19.42
1996 19.23
1997 19.04
1998 17.59
1999 17.67
2000 17.64
2001 18.09
2002 18.22
2003 17.89
2004 17.96
2005 18.01
2006 18.31
2007 17.66
2008 17.82
2009 17.01
2010 16.33
2011 16.04
2012 16.02
2013 15.59
2014 15.51
2015 15.33
2016 15.14
2017 15.12
2018 15.29
2019 14.84
2020 14.81

Limitations and Exceptions: Ideally, industrial output should be measured through regular censuses and surveys of firms. But in most developing countries such surveys are infrequent, so earlier survey results must be extrapolated using an appropriate indicator. The choice of sampling unit, which may be the enterprise (where responses may be based on financial records) or the establishment (where production units may be recorded separately), also affects the quality of the data. Moreover, much industrial production is organized in unincorporated or owner-operated ventures that are not captured by surveys aimed at the formal sector. Even in large industries, where regular surveys are more likely, evasion of excise and other taxes and nondisclosure of income lower the estimates of value added. Such problems become more acute as countries move from state control of industry to private enterprise, because new firms and growing numbers of established firms fail to report. In accordance with the System of National Accounts, output should include all such unreported activity as well as the value of illegal activities and other unrecorded, informal, or small-scale operations. Data on these activities need to be collected using techniques other than conventional surveys of firms.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Gross domestic product (GDP) represents the sum of value added by all its producers. Value added is the value of the gross output of producers less the value of intermediate goods and services consumed in production, before accounting for consumption of fixed capital in production. The United Nations System of National Accounts calls for value added to be valued at either basic prices (excluding net taxes on products) or producer prices (including net taxes on products paid by producers but excluding sales or value added taxes). Both valuations exclude transport charges that are invoiced separately by producers. Total GDP is measured at purchaser prices. Value added by industry is normally measured at basic prices.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Note: Data for OECD countries are based on ISIC, revision 4.

Classification

Topic: Economic Policy & Debt Indicators

Sub-Topic: National accounts