Nicaragua - Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births)

The value for Mortality rate, infant, female (per 1,000 live births) in Nicaragua was 12.10 as of 2020. As the graph below shows, over the past 60 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 121.40 in 1960 and a minimum value of 12.10 in 2020.

Definition: Infant mortality rate, female is the number of female infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 female live births in a given year.

Source: Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA Population Division) at www.childmortality.org.

See also:

Year Value
1960 121.40
1961 120.20
1962 119.10
1963 117.80
1964 116.50
1965 115.10
1966 113.50
1967 111.70
1968 110.00
1969 108.00
1970 105.80
1971 103.30
1972 108.70
1973 97.60
1974 94.20
1975 90.40
1976 86.30
1977 82.00
1978 77.70
1979 73.50
1980 69.40
1981 65.70
1982 62.20
1983 59.20
1984 56.60
1985 54.30
1986 52.30
1987 50.50
1988 48.80
1989 47.20
1990 45.40
1991 43.50
1992 41.60
1993 39.70
1994 37.80
1995 36.00
1996 34.10
1997 32.40
1998 33.40
1999 29.20
2000 27.70
2001 26.40
2002 25.10
2003 24.00
2004 22.90
2005 21.90
2006 20.90
2007 20.10
2008 19.20
2009 18.50
2010 17.70
2011 17.10
2012 16.40
2013 15.70
2014 15.10
2015 14.60
2016 14.00
2017 13.50
2018 13.00
2019 12.50
2020 12.10

Development Relevance: Mortality rates for different age groups (infants, children, and adults) and overall mortality indicators (life expectancy at birth or survival to a given age) are important indicators of health status in a country. Because data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. And they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development across countries.

Limitations and Exceptions: Complete vital registration systems are fairly uncommon in developing countries. Thus estimates must be obtained from sample surveys or derived by applying indirect estimation techniques to registration, census, or survey data. Survey data are subject to recall error, and surveys estimating infant/child deaths require large samples because households in which a birth has occurred during a given year cannot ordinarily be preselected for sampling. Indirect estimates rely on model life tables that may be inappropriate for the population concerned. Extrapolations based on outdated surveys may not be reliable for monitoring changes in health status or for comparative analytical work.

Statistical Concept and Methodology: The main sources of mortality data are vital registration systems and direct or indirect estimates based on sample surveys or censuses. A "complete" vital registration system - covering at least 90 percent of vital events in the population - is the best source of age-specific mortality data. Estimates of neonatal, infant, and child mortality tend to vary by source and method for a given time and place. Years for available estimates also vary by country, making comparisons across countries and over time difficult. To make neonatal, infant, and child mortality estimates comparable and to ensure consistency across estimates by different agencies, the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME), which comprises the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, the United Nations Population Division, and other universities and research institutes, developed and adopted a statistical method that uses all available information to reconcile differences. The method uses statistical models to obtain a best estimate trend line by fitting a country-specific regression model of mortality rates against their reference dates.

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

General Comments: Given that data on the incidence and prevalence of diseases are frequently unavailable, mortality rates are often used to identify vulnerable populations. Moreover, they are among the indicators most frequently used to compare socioeconomic development ac

Classification

Topic: Health Indicators

Sub-Topic: Mortality