Spain - School enrollment, primary, female (% gross)

The value for School enrollment, primary, female (% gross) in Spain was 103.09 as of 2019. As the graph below shows, over the past 48 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 116.71 in 1972 and a minimum value of 102.35 in 2005.

Definition: Gross enrollment ratio is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to the level of education shown. Primary education provides children with basic reading, writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art, and music.

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (http://uis.unesco.org/)

See also:

Year Value
1971 112.47
1972 116.71
1973 110.73
1974 112.42
1975 113.42
1976 112.28
1977 111.19
1978 109.99
1979 109.71
1980 109.41
1981 108.81
1982 108.96
1983 108.90
1984 108.31
1985 108.01
1986 106.73
1987 106.97
1988 103.80
1989 103.69
1990 103.61
1991 104.89
1992 103.94
1993 105.48
1994 105.12
1995 104.24
1996 103.79
1997 103.68
1998 103.89
1999 104.04
2000 104.13
2001 103.62
2002 103.13
2003 102.87
2004 103.11
2005 102.35
2006 102.96
2007 103.55
2008 104.16
2009 104.13
2010 103.58
2011 104.15
2012 104.90
2013 108.82
2014 107.88
2015 107.21
2016 105.10
2017 103.58
2018 102.70
2019 103.09

Development Relevance: Gross enrollment ratios indicate the capacity of each level of the education system, but a high ratio may reflect a substantial number of overage children enrolled in each grade because of repetition or late entry rather than a successful education system. The net enrollment rate excludes overage and underage students and more accurately captures the system's coverage and internal efficiency. Differences between the gross enrollment ratio and the net enrollment rate show the incidence of overage and underage enrollments.

Limitations and Exceptions: Enrollment indicators are based on annual school surveys, but do not necessarily reflect actual attendance or dropout rates during the year. Also, the length of education differs across countries and can influence enrollment rates, although the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) tries to minimize the difference. For example, a shorter duration for primary education tends to increase the rate; a longer one to decrease it (in part because older children are more at risk of dropping out). Moreover, age at enrollment may be inaccurately estimated or misstated, especially in communities where registration of births is not strictly enforced.

Other Notes: Data retrieved via API in March 2019. For detailed information on the observation level (e.g. National Estimation, UIS Estimation, or Category not applicable), please visit UIS.Stat (http://data.uis.unesco.org/).

Statistical Concept and Methodology: Gross enrollment ratio for primary school is calculated by dividing the number of students enrolled in primary education regardless of age by the population of the age group which officially corresponds to primary education, and multiplying by 100. Data on education are collected by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics from official responses to its annual education survey. All the data are mapped to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) to ensure the comparability of education programs at the international level. The current version was formally adopted by UNESCO Member States in 2011. Population data are drawn from the United Nations Population Division. Using a single source for population data standardizes definitions, estimations, and interpolation methods, ensuring a consistent methodology across countries and minimizing potential enumeration problems in national censuses. The reference years reflect the school year for which the data are presented. In some countries the school year spans two calendar years (for example, from September 2010 to June 2011); in these cases the reference year refers to the year in which the school year ended (2011 in the example).

Aggregation method: Weighted average

Periodicity: Annual

Classification

Topic: Education Indicators

Sub-Topic: Participation