| Location | Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia |
| Geographic coordinates | 64 00 N, 26 00 E |
| Map references | Europe |
| Area | total: 338,145 sq km land: 303,815 sq km water: 34,330 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than two times the size of Georgia; slightly smaller than Montana |
| Land boundaries | total: 2,563 km border countries (3): Norway 709 km, Sweden 545 km, Russia 1309 km |
| Coastline | 1,250 km |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm (in the Gulf of Finland - 3 nm) contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm; extends to continental shelf boundary with Sweden, Estonia, and Russia |
| Climate | cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes |
| Terrain | mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Halti (alternatively Haltia, Haltitunturi, Haltiatunturi) 1,328 m lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m mean elevation: 164 m |
| Natural resources | timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone |
| Land use | agricultural land: 7.5% (2018 est.) arable land: 7.4% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 0.1% (2018 est.) forest: 72.9% (2018 est.) other: 19.6% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 690 sq km (2012) |
| Total renewable water resources | 110 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Natural hazards | severe winters in the north |
| Geography - note | long boundary with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national capital on European continent; population concentrated on small southwestern coastal plain |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
