| Capitale | nom: Helsinki coordonnées géographiques: 60 10 N, 24 56 E différence de temps: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October etymology: the name may derive from the Swedish "helsing," an archaic name for "neck" ("hals"), and which may refer to a narrowing of the Vantaa River that flows into the Gulf of Finland at Helsinki; "fors" refers to "rapids," so "helsing fors" meaning becomes "the narrows' rapids" |
| Fête de l'Indépendance | 6 Decembre 1917 (from Russia) |
| Fête nationale | Jour De l'Indépendance, 6 Decembre (1917) |
| Constitution | history: previous 1906, 1919; latest drafted 17 Juin 1997, approved by Parliament 11 Juin 1999, entered into force 1 Mars 2000 amendments: proposed by Parliament; passage normally requires simple majority vote in two readings in the first parliamentary session and at least two-thirds majority vote in a single reading by the newly elected Parliament; proposals declared "urgent" by five-sixths of Parliament members can be passed by at least two-thirds majority vote in the first parliamentary session only; amended several times, last in 2012 (2016) |
| Suffrage - Age minimum de l'électeur | 18 ans; universal |
| Pouvoir exécutif | chef d'état (Président): Président Sauli NIINISTO (depuis 1 March 2012) chef de gouvernement (1er ministre): Prime Minister Antti RINNE (depuis 6 June 2019); note - date when he was approved by parliament cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 28 January 2018 (next to be held in January 2024); prime minister appointed by Parliament election results: Sauli NIINISTO reelected president; percent of vote Sauli NIINISTO (independent) 62.7%, Pekka HAAVISTO (Vihr) 12.4%, Laura HUHTASAARI (PS) 6.9%, Paavo VAYRYNEN (independent) 6.2%, Matti VANHANEN (Kesk) 4.1%, other 7.7% |
Source: CIA World Factbook - Version du décembre 31, 2019
