| Capitale | nom: Moscow coordonnées géographiques: 55 45 N, 37 36 E différence de temps: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: does not observe daylight savings time note: Russia has 11 time zones, the largest number of contiguous time zones of any country in the world; in 2014, two time zones were added and DST dropped |
| Fête de l'Indépendance | 25 Decembre 1991 (from the Soviet Union; Russian SFSR renamed Russian Federation); notable earlier dates: 1157 (Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal created); 16 Janvier 1547 (Tsardom of Muscovy established); 22 Octobre 1721 (Russian Empire proclaimed); 30 Decembre 1922 (Soviet Union established) |
| Fête nationale | Russia Day, 12 Juin (1990); note - commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) |
| Constitution | history: several previous (during Russian Empire and Soviet era); latest drafted 12 Juillet 1993, adopted by referendum 12 Decembre 1993, effective 25 Decembre 1993 amendments: proposed by the president of the Russian Federation, by either house of the Federal Assembly, by the government of the Russian Federation, or by legislative (representative) bodies of the Federation's constituent entities; proposals to amend the government’s constitutional system, human and civil rights and freedoms, and procedures for amending or drafting a new constitution require formation of a Constitutional Assembly; passage of such amendments requires two-thirds majority vote of its total membership; passage in a referendum requires participation of an absolute majority of eligible voters and an absolute majority of valid votes; approval of proposed amendments to the government structure, authorities, and procedures requires approval by the legislative bodies of at least two thirds of the Russian Federation's constituent entities; amended 2008, 2014 (2017) |
| Suffrage - Age minimum de l'électeur | 18 ans; universal |
| Pouvoir exécutif | chef d'état (Président): Président Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (depuis 7 May 2012) chef de gouvernement (1er ministre): Premier Dmitriy Anatolyevich MEDVEDEV (depuis 8 May 2012); First Deputy Premier Anton Germanovich SILUANOV (depuis 18 May 2018); Deputy Premiers Maksim Alekseyevich AKIMOV (depuis 18 May 2018), Yuriy Ivanovich BORISOV (depuis 18 May 2018), Konstantin Anatolyevich CHUYCHENKO (depuis 18 May 2018), Tatyana Alekseyevna GOLIKOVA (depuis 18 May 2018), Olga Yuryevna GOLODETS (depuis 21 May 2012), Aleksey Vasilevich GORDEYEV (depuis 18 May 2018), Dmitriy Nikolayevich KOZAK (depuis 14 October 2008), Vitaliy Leontyevich MUTKO (depuis 19 October 2016); Yuriy Petrovich TRUTNEV (depuis 31 August 2013) cabinet: the "Government" is composed of the premier, his deputies, and ministers, all appointed by the president; the premier is also confirmed by the Duma elections/appointments: president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 18 March 2018 (next to be held in March 2024); note - term length extended to 6 years from 4 years in late 2008, effective after the 2012 election; there is no vice president; premier appointed by the president with the approval of the Duma election results: Vladimir PUTIN reelected president; percent of vote - Vladimir PUTIN (independent) 77.5%, Pavel GRUDININ (CPRF) 11.9%, Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY (LDPR) 5.7%, other 5.8%; Dmitriy MEDVEDEV (United Russia) reapproved as premier by Duma on 8 May 2018; vote - 374 to 56 note: there is also a Présidential Administration that provides staff and policy support to the president, drafts presidential decrees, and coordinates policy among government agencies; a Security Council also reports directly to the president |
Source: CIA World Factbook - Version du décembre 31, 2019
