| Capitale | nom: Mogadishu coordonnées géographiques: 2 04 N, 45 20 E différence de temps: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) etymology: several theories attempt to explain the city's name; one of the more plausible is that it derives from "maq'ad-i-shah" meaning "the seat of the shah," reflecting the city's links with Persia |
| Fête de l'Indépendance | 1 Juillet 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which became independent from the UK on 26 Juin 1960, and Italian Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered UN trusteeship on 1 Juillet 1960 to form the Somali Republic) |
| Fête nationale | Foundation of the Somali Republic, 1 Juillet (1960); note - 26 Juin (1960) in Somaliland |
| Constitution | history: previous 1961, 1979; latest drafted 12 Juin 2012, approved 1 Aoüt 2012 (provisional) amendments: proposed by the federal government, by members of the state governments, the Federal Parliament, or by public petition; proposals require review by a joint committee of Parliament with inclusion of public comments and state legislatures’ comments; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote in both houses of Parliament and approval by a majority of votes cast in a referendum; constitutional clauses on Islamic principles, the federal system, human rights and freedoms, powers and authorities of the government branches, and inclusion of women in national institutions cannot be amended (2017) |
| Suffrage - Age minimum de l'électeur | 18 ans; universal |
| Pouvoir exécutif | chef d'état (Président): Président Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed "Farmaajo" (depuis 8 February 2017) chef de gouvernement (1er ministre): Prime Minister Hassan Ali KHAYRE (depuis 1 March 2017) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister, approved by the House of the People elections/appointments: president indirectly elected by the Federal Parliament by two-thirds majority vote in 2 rounds if needed for a single 4-year term; election last held on 8 February 2017 (previously scheduled for 30 September 2016 but postponed repeatedly); prime minister appointed by the president, approved by the House of the People election results: Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed "Farmaajo" elected president in second round; Federal Parliament second round vote - Mohamed ABDULLAHI Mohamed "Farmaajo" (TPP) 184, HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud (PDP) 97, Sheikh SHARIF Sheikh Ahmed (ARS) 46 |
Source: CIA World Factbook - Version du décembre 31, 2019
