Iceland

Iceland Ísland
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: "Lofsöngur"
Show globe Show map of Europe
Capital and largest city	Reykjavík 64°08′N21°56′W / 64.133°N 21.933°W / 64.133; -21.933
Official language and national language	Icelandic
Ethnic groups (2018)^[a]^[1]	89% Icelandic 5% Polish 1% Lithuanians 5% Other
Religion (2020)^[3]	75.1% Christianity —63.5% Church of Iceland^[b] —11.6% Other Christian 21.5% No religion 1.3% Ásatrúarfélagið 2.1% Other
Demonym(s)	Icelander Icelandic
Government	Unitary parliamentaryrepublic

• President	Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
• Prime Minister	Katrín Jakobsdóttir
• President of Parliament	Steingrímur J. Sigfússon
• President of Supreme Court	Þorgeir Örlygsson

Legislature	Althing
Formation

• Settlement	9th century
• Commonwealth Founding of the Althing	930–1262
• Union with Norway Signing of the Old Covenant	1262–1397
• Kalmar Union	1397–1523
• Denmark–Norway	1523–1814
• Treaty of Kiel Ceded to Denmark	14 January 1814
• Constitution and limited home rule Minister for Iceland appointed	5 January 1874
• Extended home rule	1 February 1904
• Sovereignty Danish–Icelandic Act of Union	1 December 1918
• Republic	17 June 1944
• EFTA accession	1 January 1970

Area
• Total	102,775^[4] km² (39,682 sq mi) (106th)
• Water (%)	2.07 (as of 2015)^[5]
Population
• 2021 estimate	368,720^[6] (179th)
• 2011 census	315,556^[7]
• Density	3.5/km² (9.1/sq mi) (190th)
GDP (PPP)	2020 estimate
• Total	$19.8 billion^[8] (142nd)
• Per capita	$54,482^[8] (16th)
GDP (nominal)	2020 estimate
• Total	$20.8 billion^[8]
• Per capita	$57,189^[8] (5th)
Gini (2018)	23.2^[9] low · 2nd
HDI (2019)	0.949^[10] very high · 4th
Currency	Icelandic króna (ISK)
Time zone	UTC^[c] (GMT/WET)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+354
ISO 3166 code	IS
Internet TLD	.is

Contents

Introduction

Geography

Demographics

Environment

Government

Economy

Energy

Telecommunications

Transportation

Military

Transnational Issues

Related Links