| Location | Southern Asia, between China and India |
| Geographic coordinates | 28 00 N, 84 00 E |
| Map references | Asia |
| Area | total: 147,181 sq km land: 143,351 sq km water: 3,830 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly larger than New York state |
| Land boundaries | total: 3,159 km border countries (2): China 1389 km, India 1770 km |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) |
| Climate | varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south |
| Terrain | Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south; central hill region with rugged Himalayas in north |
| Elevation extremes | highest point: Mount Everest (highest peak in Asia and highest point on earth above sea level) 8,849 m lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m mean elevation: 2,565 m |
| Natural resources | quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore |
| Land use | agricultural land: 28.8% (2018 est.) arable land: 15.1% (2018 est.) permanent crops: 1.2% (2018 est.) permanent pasture: 12.5% (2018 est.) forest: 25.4% (2018 est.) other: 45.8% (2018 est.) |
| Irrigated land | 13,320 sq km (2012) |
| Total renewable water resources | 210.2 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Natural hazards | severe thunderstorms; flooding; landslides; drought and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons |
| Geography - note | landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest mountains - on the borders with China and India respectively |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
