Netherlands
Motto: "Je maintiendrai " (French) Anthem: "Wilhelmus " (Dutch) Location of the European part of the Netherlands (dark green)
– in Europe (green & dark grey)European Union (green)
Capitaland largest city
Amsterdam [a] 52°22′N 4°53′E / 52.367°N 4.883°E / 52.367; 4.883 Government seat The Hague [a] Official languages Dutch Ethnic groups Religion Demonym(s) Dutch Sovereign state Kingdom of the Netherlands Government Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Willem-Alexander Mark Rutte Thom de Graaf Legislature States General Senate House of Representatives 26 July 1581 30 January 1648 • Kingdom established
16 March 1815 5 May 1945 15 December 1954 10 October 2010 • Total
41,865[5] [6] 2 (16,164 sq mi) (131st ) • Water (%)
18.41[7] • 2021 estimate
[8] 67th )• 2011 census
16,655,799[9] • Density
423/km2 (1,095.6/sq mi) (16th ) GDP (PPP ) 2021 estimate • Total
[10] 27th )• Per capita
$60,461[10] 11th ) GDP (nominal) 2021 estimate • Total
[10] 17th )• Per capita
$58,003[10] 12th ) Gini (2020) [11] low HDI (2019) [12] very high 8th Currency Time zone Note: Even though the European Netherlands are located within the UTC±0 longitudes, the country adopted UTC+01:00 (Central European Time ) as its standard time under German occupation on 2 November 1942, with a +0:40:28 offset (+1:40:28 during DST ) from Amsterdam’s LMT (UTC+0:19:32).[14] Date format dd-mm-yyyy Mains electricity 230 V–50 Hz Driving side right Calling code +31 , +599 [g] ISO 3166 code NL Internet TLD .nl , .bq [h] 
17,634,800
$1.055 trillion
27.5