| Air pollutants | particulate matter emissions: 19.35 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.) carbon dioxide emissions: 10.98 megatons (2016 est.) methane emissions: 12.1 megatons (2020 est.) |
| Environment - current issues | deforestation; soil erosion; land degradation; air and water pollution; the black rhinoceros herd - once the largest concentration of the species in the world - has been significantly reduced by poaching; poor mining practices have led to toxic waste and heavy metal pollution |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Total water withdrawal | municipal: 487.7 million cubic meters (2017 est.) industrial: 81.4 million cubic meters (2017 est.) agricultural: 2.77 billion cubic meters (2017 est.) |
| Revenue from forest resources | forest revenues: 1.61% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Revenue from coal | coal revenues: 0.4% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Waste and recycling | municipal solid waste generated annually: 1,449,752 tons (2015 est.) municipal solid waste recycled annually: 231,960 tons (2005 est.) percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 16% (2005 est.) |
Source: CIA World Factbook
This page was last updated on September 18, 2021
